Industrielle Chemische Prozesse II

 

Industrial Catalysis

The course highlights the most important processes for producing inorganic and organic base chemicals and intermediates by combining the general process outline with specific information on the catalysts used (heterogeneous and homogeneous) and the operating conditions. The course starts by describing the synthesis of inorganic base chemicals such as ammonia, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid. This is followed by processes to produce light olefins and aromatics (benzene, toluene and xylenes). Smaller scale processes in chemical synthesis such as selective oxidation, amine synthesis, selective hydrogenation, chiral synthesis are discussed using processes for intermediates as detailed examples including synthesis of acrylic acid, maleic acid, and phthalic acid, methyl chloride, vinyl chloride and methylamines. Recent developments are touched in such as reactive distillation and new metallocene catalysts for olefin polymerization. Topics: Chemical industry – Raw materials; Biomass decomposition; Catalysis for renewables; Metallocenes; Ammonia; Ethene, propene and butadiene production; Ethene epoxidation; Nitric acid and sulfuric acid; Formaldehyde from methanol. Acetaldehyde and acetic acid; Acrylic/methacrylic acid and acrylonitrile synthesis; Maleic anhydride and phthalic anhydride; BTX aromatics (benzene, toluene and xylene production); Production of ethylbenzene and styrene.

Suggested literature: Twigg, M. V.: Catalyst Handbook, CRC Press 1989, ISBN-10: 0723408572, ISBN-13: 978072340857. Arpe, H.-J.: Industrial Organic Chemistry, Wiley-VCH 2010, ISBN: 9783527320028. Moulijn, J. A., Makkee, M., van Diepen, A.: Chemical Process Technology, Wiley-VCH 2001, ISBN: 0471630098 (HB), ISBN: 0471630624 (PB). Cornils, B., Herrmann, W. A., Wong, C.-H., Zanthoff, H.-W.: Catalysis from A to Z, Wiley-VCH 2013, ISBN: 9783527333073. van Santen, R. A., Neurock, M.: Molecular Heterogeneous Catalysis, Wiley-VCH 2006, ISBN-10: 352729662X, ISBN-13: 9783527296620. Baerns, M., Behr, A., Brehm, A., Gmehling, J., Hofmann, H., Onken, U., Renken, A.: Technische Chemie, Wiley-VCH 2006, ISBN-10: 3527310002, ISBN-13: 9783527310005. Jess, A., Wasserscheid, P.: Chemical Technology, Wiley-VCH 2013, ISBN: 9783527304462, ePDF-ISBN: 9783527670628. Omae, I.: Applications of Organometallic Compounds, Wiley-VCH 1998, ISBN: 9780471976042. Togni, A., Halterman, R. L.: Metallocenes: Synthesis Reactivity Applications, Wiley-VCH 1998, ISBN: 3527295399. Wasserscheid, P., Welton, T.: Ionic Liquids in Synthesis, Wiley-VCH 2007, ISBN: 9783527312399. Fehrmann, R., Riisager, A., Haumann, M.: Supported Ionic Liquids: Fundamentals and Applications, Wiley-VCH 2014, ISBN: 9783527324293.